CentOS 7에서 MySQL 5.7을 소스 기반으로 설치하고 초기화하는 방법

CentOS 7에서 MySQL 5.7을 소스 기반으로 설치하고 초기화하는 방법

CentOS 7.9 환경에서 MySQL 5.7.15를 소스 기반으로 설치하고 초기화하는 방법입니다.

테스트 환경

운영체제 정보

$ cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)

$ getconf LONG_BIT
64

• DB : MySQL Community Server 5.7.15
• 설치 경로 : /usr/local/mysql

1. MySQL 전용 계정 생성

보안 및 권한 관리를 위해 MySQL 전용 계정을 생성합니다.

groupadd -g 27 mysql

useradd -m -c "MySQL Server" -d /usr/local/mysql -s /bin/false -g 27 -u 27 mysql

2. MySQL Community Server 다운로드

MySQL Community Server

• 파일: mysql-boost-5.7.15.tar.gz
• Boost 라이브러리가 포함된 소스 패키지

tar xfz mysql-boost-5.7.15.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.7.15/

3. 컴파일 및 설치

cmake 설정

cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/usr/local/mysql/etc \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3313 \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost/boost_1_59_0 \
-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1

캐시 파일 삭제(필요 시)

rm -f CMakeCache.txt​

 

컴파일 및 설치

make -j $(($(nproc) + 1))
make install -j $(($(nproc) + 1))

4. 필수 디렉토리 생성

mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/{etc,logs,tmp,data}

5. my.cnf 설정

my.cnf 기본 위치 확인

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --verbose --help | grep -A 1 'Default options'

mysqld: Can't change dir to '/usr/local/mysql/data/' (Errcode: 2 - No such file or directory)
Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf

기본 설정 파일 복사

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf

my.cnf 추가 설정

cat <<EOF >> /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf

### ADD
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port=3306
server_id=1
socket=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock

symbolic-links=0

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/logs/mysqld.log
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.pid
EOF

6. 디렉토리 소유권 변경

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

7. MySQL 버전 확인

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld -V

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld  Ver 5.7.15 for Linux on x86_64 (Source distribution)

8. DB 초기화

bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp

2022-03-03T14:47:17.751874Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
2022-03-03T14:47:17.752123Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' sql mode was not set.
2022-03-03T14:47:19.217844Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-03-03T14:47:19.498649Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-03-03T14:47:19.618222Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: d3baca13-9b00-11ec-a18e-68b599c59f7c.
2022-03-03T14:47:19.637821Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-03-03T14:47:19.638804Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: w2lVwJfoy-q0

초기화 과정에서 root 임시 비밀번호가 로그에 출력됩니다.

• A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: w2lVwJfoy-q0

9. SSL/RSA 인증서 생성

bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf

Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
............+++
....+++
writing new private key to 'ca-key.pem'
-----
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
..........................................................................................+++
........................................................+++
writing new private key to 'server-key.pem'
-----
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
..+++
...................................................................+++
writing new private key to 'client-key.pem'
-----

10. MySQL 서버 시작

bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql &

[1] 6547
2022-03-03T14:49:32.125650Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/logs/mysqld.log'.
2022-03-03T14:49:32.237056Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data

MySQL 프로세스 확인

ps -ef | grep -v grep | grep mysql

root      6547 17984  0 23:49 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql
mysql     6747  6547  0 23:49 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql_member --datadir=/usr/local/mysql_member/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql_member/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/logs/mysqld.log --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.pid --socket=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306

11. MySQL 접속(root)

bin/mysql --socket=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock -uroot -p'w2lVwJfoy-q0'

mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.15

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

• 커맨드라인에 비밀번호 직접 입력은 권장되지 않습니다.

root 비밀번호 변경

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'netpassword';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

12. MySQL 서버 종료

bin/mysqladmin -h127.0.0.1 -uroot -p shutdown

Enter password:

 

MySQL 소스 컴파일 설치는 버전 제어와 커스터마이징이 필요한 환경에서 가장 유연한 설치 방식이다.